|
(derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) |
（根据B. Sujato 2018/12译） |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
如是我闻。 |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
一时，佛陀住在舍卫城附近，祇树给孤独园。 |
| Tena kho pana samayena subho māṇavo todeyyaputto sāvatthiyaṃ paṭivasati aññatarassa gahapatissa nivesane kenacideva karaṇīyena. |
Now at that time the brahmin student Subha, Todeyya’s son, was residing in Sāvatthī at a certain householder’s home on some business. |
当时，婆罗门学生苏巴，托德亚之子，因事住在舍卫城一户居士家中。 |
| Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto yassa gahapatissa nivesane paṭivasati taṃ gahapatiṃ etadavoca: |
Then Subha said to that householder: |
于是苏巴对那户居士说： |
| “sutaṃ metaṃ, gahapati: |
“Householder, I’ve heard that |
“居士，我听说 |
| ‘avivittā sāvatthī arahantehī’ti. |
Sāvatthī does not lack for perfected ones. |
舍卫城不乏阿罗汉。 |
| Kaṃ nu khvajja samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā payirupāseyyāmā”ti? |
What ascetic or brahmin might we pay homage to today?” |
今天我们可以向哪位沙门或婆罗门致敬呢？” |
| “Ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
“Sir, the Buddha is staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
“尊者，佛陀住在舍卫城附近，祇树给孤独园。 |
| Taṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ payirupāsassū”ti. |
You can pay homage to him.” |
你可以向他致敬。” |
| Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto tassa gahapatissa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. |
Acknowledging that householder, Subha went to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him. |
苏巴感谢了那位居士，便去见佛陀，并与他互相问候。 |
| Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he sat down to one side and said to the Buddha: |
问候和客套话结束后，他坐到一边，对佛陀说： |
| “brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, evamāhaṃsu: |
“Master Gotama, the brahmins say: |
“乔达摩大师，婆罗门们说： |
| ‘gahaṭṭho ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ, na pabbajito ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalan’ti. |
‘Laypeople succeed in the procedure of the skillful teaching, not renunciates.’ |
‘在家众在善巧教法的实践中会成功，出家众不会。’ |
| Idha bhavaṃ gotamo kimāhā”ti? |
What do you say about this?” |
您对此有何看法？” |
| “Vibhajjavādo kho ahamettha, māṇava; |
“On this point, student, I speak after analyzing the question, |
“在这一点上，学生，我是经过分析问题后才说的， |
| nāhamettha ekaṃsavādo. |
without making generalizations. |
而不是概括而论。 |
| Gihissa vāhaṃ, māṇava, pabbajitassa vā micchāpaṭipattiṃ na vaṇṇemi. |
I don’t praise wrong practice for either laypeople or renunciates. |
我既不赞成在家众也不赞成出家众的错误修行。 |
| Gihī vā hi, māṇava, pabbajito vā micchāpaṭipanno micchāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu na ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalaṃ. |
Because of wrong practice, neither laypeople nor renunciates succeed in the procedure of the skillful teaching. |
因为错误修行，无论在家众还是出家众都无法在善巧教法的实践中成功。 |
| Gihissa vāhaṃ, māṇava, pabbajitassa vā sammāpaṭipattiṃ vaṇṇemi. |
I praise right practice for both laypeople and renunciates. |
我赞成在家众和出家众的正确修行。 |
| Gihī vā hi, māṇava, pabbajito vā sammāpaṭipanno sammāpaṭipattādhikaraṇahetu ārādhako hoti ñāyaṃ dhammaṃ kusalan”ti. |
Because of right practice, both laypeople and renunciates succeed in the procedure of the skillful teaching.” |
因为正确修行，在家众和出家众都可以在善巧教法的实践中成功。” |
| “Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, evamāhaṃsu: |
“Master Gotama, the brahmins say: |
“乔达摩大师，婆罗门们说： |
| ‘mahaṭṭhamidaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ gharāvāsakammaṭṭhānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti; |
‘Since the work of the lay life has many requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings it is very fruitful. |
‘在家生活的工作有许多要求、职责、事务和承担，因此非常有成果。 |
| appaṭṭhamidaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ pabbajjā kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaphalaṃ hotī’ti. |
But since the work of the renunciate has few requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings it is not very fruitful.’ |
但出家生活的工作要求、职责、事务和承担都很少，因此没有什么成果。’ |
| Idha bhavaṃ gotamo kimāhā”ti. |
What do you say about this?” |
您对此有何看法？” |
| “Etthāpi kho ahaṃ, māṇava, vibhajjavādo; |
“On this point, too, I speak after analyzing the question, |
“在这一点上，我也是在分析问题后才说的， |
| nāhamettha ekaṃsavādo. |
without making generalizations. |
而不是概括而论。 |
| Atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ, vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti; |
Some work has many requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful. |
有些工作有许多要求、职责、事务和承担，但失败时没有什么成果。 |
| atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ, sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti; |
Some work has many requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful. |
有些工作有许多要求、职责、事务和承担，但成功时非常有成果。 |
| atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ, vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti; |
Some work has few requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful. |
有些工作要求、职责、事务和承担都很少，但失败时没有什么成果。 |
| atthi, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti. |
Some work has few requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful. |
有些工作要求、职责、事务和承担都很少，但成功时非常有成果。 |
| Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti? |
And what work has many requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful? |
那么，什么工作有许多要求、职责、事务和承担，但失败时没有什么成果呢？ |
| Kasi kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti. |
Farming. |
农业。 |
| Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti? |
And what work has many requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful? |
那么，什么工作有许多要求、职责、事务和承担，但成功时非常有成果呢？ |
| Kasiyeva kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti. |
Again, it is farming. |
同样，是农业。 |
| Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti? |
And what work has few requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it fails it’s not very fruitful? |
那么，什么工作要求、职责、事务和承担都很少，但失败时没有什么成果呢？ |
| Vaṇijjā kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti. |
Trade. |
贸易。 |
| Katamañca, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti? |
And what work has few requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and when it succeeds it is very fruitful? |
那么，什么工作要求、职责、事务和承担都很少，但成功时非常有成果呢？ |
| Vaṇijjāyeva kho, māṇava, kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti. |
Again, it’s trade. |
同样，是贸易。 |
| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, kasi kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti; |
The lay life is like farming in that it’s work with many requirements and when it fails it’s not very fruitful; |
在家生活就像农业，它有很多要求，失败时没有什么成果； |
| evameva kho, māṇava, gharāvāsakammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti. |
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| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, kasiyeva kammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti; |
but when it succeeds it is very fruitful. |
但成功时，非常有成果。 |
| evameva kho, māṇava, gharāvāsakammaṭṭhānaṃ mahaṭṭhaṃ mahākiccaṃ mahādhikaraṇaṃ mahāsamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti. |
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| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, vaṇijjā kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti; |
The renunciate life is like trade in that it’s work with few requirements and when it fails it’s not very fruitful; |
出家生活就像贸易，它要求很少，失败时没有什么成果； |
| evameva kho, māṇava, pabbajjā kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ vipajjamānaṃ appaphalaṃ hoti. |
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| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, vaṇijjāyeva kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hoti; |
but when it succeeds it is very fruitful.” |
但成功时，非常有成果。” |
| evameva kho, māṇava, pabbajjā kammaṭṭhānaṃ appaṭṭhaṃ appakiccaṃ appādhikaraṇaṃ appasamārambhaṃ sampajjamānaṃ mahapphalaṃ hotī”ti. |
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| “Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāyā”ti. |
“Master Gotama, the brahmins prescribe five things for making merit and succeeding in the skillful.” |
“乔达摩大师，婆罗门们规定了五件事，用于积德和在善巧中成功。” |
| “Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya— |
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| sace te agaru— |
“If you don’t mind, |
“如果你不介意， |
| sādhu te pañca dhamme imasmiṃ parisati bhāsassū”ti. |
please explain these in this assembly.” |
请在这个集会中解释这些。” |
| “Na kho me, bho gotama, garu yatthassu bhavanto vā nisinno bhavantarūpo vā”ti. |
“It’s no trouble when gentlemen such as yourself are sitting here.” |
“像您这样的先生们坐在这里，没有麻烦。” |
| “Tena hi, māṇava, bhāsassū”ti. |
“Well, speak then, student.” |
“那么，请说吧，学生。” |
| “Saccaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya. |
“Master Gotama, truth is the first thing. |
“乔达摩大师，真理是第一件事。 |
| Tapaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā dutiyaṃ dhammaṃ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya. |
Austerity is the second thing. |
苦行是第二件事。 |
| Brahmacariyaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā tatiyaṃ dhammaṃ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya. |
Celibacy is the third thing. |
梵行是第三件事。 |
| Ajjhenaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā catutthaṃ dhammaṃ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya. |
Recitation is the fourth thing. |
背诵是第四件事。 |
| Cāgaṃ kho, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañcamaṃ dhammaṃ paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāya. |
Generosity is the fifth thing. |
布施是第五件事。 |
| Brāhmaṇā, bho gotama, ime pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya, kusalassa ārādhanāyāti. |
These are the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful. |
这些是婆罗门们规定用于积德和在善巧中成功的五件事。 |
| Idha bhavaṃ gotamo kimāhā”ti? |
What do you say about this?” |
您对此有何看法？” |
| “Kiṃ pana, māṇava, atthi koci brāhmaṇānaṃ ekabrāhmaṇopi yo evamāha: |
“Well, student, is there even a single one of the brahmins who says this: |
“那么，学生，有没有任何一位婆罗门这样说： |
| ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ dhammānaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṃ pavedemī’”ti? |
‘I declare the result of these five things after realizing it with my own insight’?” |
‘我通过自己的洞察力证悟后，宣称这五件事的结果’？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. |
“No, Master Gotama.” |
“没有，乔达摩大师。” |
| “Kiṃ pana, māṇava, atthi koci brāhmaṇānaṃ ekācariyopi ekācariyapācariyopi yāva sattamā ācariyamahayugāpi yo evamāha: |
“Well, is there even a single teacher of the brahmins, or a teacher’s teacher, or anyone back to the seventh generation of teachers, who says this: |
“那么，有没有任何一位婆罗门的老师，或者老师的老师，或者追溯到第七代的任何一位老师，这样说： |
| ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ dhammānaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṃ pavedemī’”ti? |
‘I declare the result of these five things after realizing it with my own insight’?” |
‘我通过自己的洞察力证悟后，宣称这五件事的结果’？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. |
“No, Master Gotama.” |
“没有，乔达摩大师。” |
| “Kiṃ pana, māṇava, yepi te brāhmaṇānaṃ pubbakā isayo mantānaṃ kattāro mantānaṃ pavattāro yesamidaṃ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṃ mantapadaṃ gītaṃ pavuttaṃ samihitaṃ tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṃ—aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu, |
“Well, what of the ancient hermits of the brahmins, namely Aṭṭhaka, Vāmaka, Vāmadeva, Vessāmitta, Yamadaggi, Aṅgīrasa, Bhāradvāja, Vāseṭṭha, Kassapa, and Bhagu? They were the authors and propagators of the hymns, whose hymnal was sung and propagated and compiled in ancient times. These days, brahmins continue to sing and chant it. They continue chanting what was chanted and teaching what was taught. |
“那么，古代的婆罗门隐士呢，比如阿塔卡、瓦玛卡、瓦马德瓦、维萨米塔、亚马达吉、安吉拉萨、巴拉德瓦贾、瓦塞塔、卡萨帕和巴古？他们是赞美诗的作者和传播者，他们的赞美诗集在古代被歌唱、传播和编纂。如今，婆罗门们继续歌唱和吟诵它。他们继续吟诵被吟诵的，教导被教导的。 |
| tepi evamāhaṃsu: |
Did even they say: |
即使是他们，有没有说： |
| ‘mayaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ dhammānaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṃ pavedemā’”ti? |
‘We declare the result of these five things after realizing it with our own insight’?” |
‘我们通过自己的洞察力证悟后，宣称这五件事的结果’？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama”. |
“No, Master Gotama.” |
“没有，乔达摩大师。” |
| “Iti kira, māṇava, natthi koci brāhmaṇānaṃ ekabrāhmaṇopi yo evamāha: |
“So, student, it seems that there is not a single one of the brahmins, |
“所以，学生，看来没有一个婆罗门， |
| ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ dhammānaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṃ pavedemī’ti; |
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| natthi koci brāhmaṇānaṃ ekācariyopi ekācariyapācariyopi yāva sattamā ācariyamahayugāpi yo evamāha: |
not even anyone back to the seventh generation of teachers, |
甚至没有追溯到第七代的任何一位老师， |
| ‘ahaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ dhammānaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṃ pavedemī’ti; |
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| yepi te brāhmaṇānaṃ pubbakā isayo mantānaṃ kattāro mantānaṃ pavattāro, yesamidaṃ etarahi brāhmaṇā porāṇaṃ mantapadaṃ gītaṃ pavuttaṃ samihitaṃ, tadanugāyanti tadanubhāsanti bhāsitamanubhāsanti vācitamanuvācenti, seyyathidaṃ—aṭṭhako vāmako vāmadevo vessāmitto yamataggi aṅgīraso bhāradvājo vāseṭṭho kassapo bhagu. |
nor even the ancient hermits of the brahmins |
甚至连古代的婆罗门隐士都没有 |
| Tepi na evamāhaṃsu: |
who says: |
这样说： |
| ‘mayaṃ imesaṃ pañcannaṃ dhammānaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā vipākaṃ pavedemā’ti. |
‘We declare the result of these five things after realizing it with our own insight.’ |
‘我们通过自己的洞察力证悟后，宣称这五件事的结果。’ |
| Evaṃ vutte, subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavatā andhaveṇūpamena vuccamāno kupito anattamano bhagavantaṃyeva khuṃsento bhagavantaṃyeva vambhento bhagavantaṃyeva vadamāno: |
When he said this, Subha became angry and upset with the Buddha because of the simile of the queue of blind men. He even attacked and badmouthed the Buddha himself, saying: |
他说完这话，苏巴因盲人队列的比喻而对佛陀感到愤怒和不满。他甚至攻击并诽谤佛陀本人，说： |
| “samaṇo gotamo pāpito bhavissatī”ti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
“The ascetic Gotama will be worsted!” He said to the Buddha: |
“沙门乔达摩要被击败了！”他对佛陀说： |
| “brāhmaṇo, bho gotama, pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko evamāha: |
“Master Gotama, the brahmin Pokkharasāti Upamañña of the Subhaga Forest says: |
“乔达摩大师，斯布哈伽森林的婆罗门波卡拉萨蒂·乌帕曼尼亚说： |
| ‘evameva panidhekacce samaṇabrāhmaṇā uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ paṭijānanti. |
‘This is exactly what happens with some ascetics and brahmins. They claim to have a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones. |
‘这正是某些沙门和婆罗门的真实情况。他们声称拥有超人的知识和见识，配得上高贵者。 |
| Tesamidaṃ bhāsitaṃ hassakaṃyeva sampajjati, nāmakaṃyeva sampajjati, rittakaṃyeva sampajjati, tucchakaṃyeva sampajjati. |
But their statement turns out to be a joke—mere words, void and hollow. |
但他们的话语结果却是一个笑话——仅仅是言语，空洞而虚无。 |
| Kathañhi nāma manussabhūto uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti— |
For how on earth can a human being know or see or realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones? |
因为一个人怎么可能知道、看见或证悟配得上高贵者的超人知识和见识呢？ |
| netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’”ti? |
That is not possible.’” |
那是不可能的。’” |
| “Seyyathāpi, māṇava, jaccandho puriso na passeyya kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, na passeyya nīlakāni rūpāni, na passeyya pītakāni rūpāni, na passeyya lohitakāni rūpāni, na passeyya mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, na passeyya samavisamaṃ, na passeyya tārakarūpāni, na passeyya candimasūriye. |
“Suppose there was a person blind from birth. They couldn’t see sights that are dark or bright, or blue, yellow, red, or magenta. They couldn’t see even and uneven ground, or the stars, or the moon and sun. |
“假设有一个生来就失明的人。他看不到黑色或亮色的景象，也看不到蓝色、黄色、红色或洋红色的景象。他看不到平坦或不平坦的地面，也看不到星星，看不到月亮和太阳。 |
| So evaṃ vadeyya: |
They’d say: |
他会说： |
| ‘natthi kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, natthi kaṇhasukkānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
‘There’s no such thing as dark and bright sights, and no-one who sees them. |
‘没有黑色和亮色的景象这种东西，也没有人能看到它们。 |
| natthi nīlakāni rūpāni, natthi nīlakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
There’s no such thing as blue, |
没有蓝色这种东西， |
| natthi pītakāni rūpāni, natthi pītakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
yellow, |
黄色， |
| natthi lohitakāni rūpāni, natthi lohitakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
red, |
红色， |
| natthi mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, natthi mañjiṭṭhakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
magenta, |
洋红色， |
| natthi samavisamaṃ, natthi samavisamassa dassāvī; |
even and uneven ground, |
平坦和不平坦的地面， |
| natthi tārakarūpāni, natthi tārakarūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
stars, |
星星， |
| natthi candimasūriyā, natthi candimasūriyānaṃ dassāvī. |
moon and sun, and no-one who sees these things. |
月亮和太阳，也没有人能看到这些东西。 |
| Ahametaṃ na jānāmi, ahametaṃ na passāmi; |
I don’t know it or see it, |
我不知道，也看不到， |
| tasmā taṃ natthī’ti. |
therefore it doesn’t exist.’ |
因此它不存在。’ |
| Sammā nu kho so, māṇava, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? |
Would they be speaking rightly?” |
他会说得对吗？” |
| “No hidaṃ, bho gotama. |
“No, Master Gotama. |
“不，乔达摩大师。 |
| Atthi kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, atthi kaṇhasukkānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
There are such things as dark and bright sights, and one who sees them. |
有黑色和亮色的景象这种东西，也有人能看到它们。 |
| atthi nīlakāni rūpāni, atthi nīlakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
There is blue, |
有蓝色， |
| atthi pītakāni rūpāni, atthi pītakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
yellow, |
黄色， |
| atthi lohitakāni rūpāni, atthi lohitakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
red, |
红色， |
| atthi mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, atthi mañjiṭṭhakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
magenta, |
洋红色， |
| atthi samavisamaṃ, atthi samavisamassa dassāvī; |
even and uneven ground, |
平坦和不平坦的地面， |
| atthi tārakarūpāni, atthi tārakarūpānaṃ dassāvī; |
stars, |
星星， |
| atthi candimasūriyā, atthi candimasūriyānaṃ dassāvī. |
moon and sun, and one who sees these things. |
月亮和太阳，也有人能看到这些东西。 |
| ‘Ahametaṃ na jānāmi, ahametaṃ na passāmi; |
So it’s not right to say this: ‘I don’t know it or see it, |
所以这样说是不对的：‘我不知道，也看不到， |
| tasmā taṃ natthī’ti; |
therefore it doesn’t exist.’” |
因此它不存在。’” |
| na hi so, bho gotama, sammā vadamāno vadeyyā”ti. |
|
|
| “Pañca kho ime, māṇava, nīvaraṇā. |
“Student, there are these five hindrances. |
“学生，有这五种障碍。 |
| Katame pañca? |
What five? |
哪五种？ |
| Kāmacchandanīvaraṇaṃ, byāpādanīvaraṇaṃ, thinamiddhanīvaraṇaṃ uddhaccakukkuccanīvaraṇaṃ, vicikicchānīvaraṇaṃ— |
The hindrances of sensual desire, ill will, dullness and drowsiness, restlessness and remorse, and doubt. |
感官欲望、恶意、昏沉与嗜睡、掉举与悔恨、以及疑虑的障碍。 |
| ime kho, māṇava, pañca nīvaraṇā. |
These are the five hindrances. |
这五种是障碍。 |
| Imehi kho, māṇava, pañcahi nīvaraṇehi brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko āvuto nivuto ophuṭo pariyonaddho. |
Pokkharasāti is caged, trapped, covered, and engulfed by these five hindrances. |
波卡拉萨蒂被这五种障碍所困、所缚、所覆盖、所吞噬。 |
| So vata uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti—netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. |
It’s not possible for him to know or see or realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones. |
他不可能知道、看见或证悟配得上圣者的超人知识和见解。 |
| Pañca kho ime, māṇava, kāmaguṇā. |
There are these five kinds of sensual stimulation. |
有这五种感官刺激。 |
| Katame pañca? |
What five? |
哪五种？ |
| Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā; |
There are sights known by the eye that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing. |
有眼睛所见的色、声、香、味、触，是可爱、可欲、可意、悦人、性感和令人兴奋的。 |
| sotaviññeyyā saddā … pe … |
There are sounds known by the ear … |
有耳朵所闻之声…… |
| ghānaviññeyyā gandhā … |
smells known by the nose … |
鼻子所嗅之香…… |
| jivhā viññeyyā rasā … |
tastes known by the tongue … |
舌头所尝之味…… |
| kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā— |
touches known by the body that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing. |
身体所触之触，是可爱、可欲、可意、悦人、性感和令人兴奋的。 |
| ime kho, māṇava, pañca kāmaguṇā. |
These are the five kinds of sensual stimulation. |
这五种是感官刺激。 |
| Imehi kho, māṇava, pañcahi kāmaguṇehi brāhmaṇo pokkharasāti opamañño subhagavaniko gathito mucchito ajjhopanno anādīnavadassāvī anissaraṇapañño paribhuñjati. |
Pokkharasāti enjoys himself with these five kinds of sensual stimulation, tied, stupefied, attached, blind to the drawbacks, and not understanding the escape. |
波卡拉萨蒂沉溺于这五种感官刺激，被束缚、愚弄、执着，看不见其缺点，也不明白如何解脱。 |
| So vata uttari manussadhammā alamariyañāṇadassanavisesaṃ ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti—netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati. |
It’s not possible for him to know or see or realize a superhuman distinction in knowledge and vision worthy of the noble ones. |
他不可能知道、看到或证悟配得上圣者的超人知识和见解。 |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, māṇava, |
What do you think, student? |
学生，你觉得呢？ |
| yaṃ vā tiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṃ paṭicca aggiṃ jāleyya yaṃ vā nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṃ aggiṃ jāleyya, katamo nu khvāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro cā”ti? |
Which would have better flames, color, and radiance: a fire that depends on grass and logs as fuel, or one that does not?” |
哪个火焰、颜色和光芒会更好：一种以草木为燃料的火，还是一种不以草木为燃料的火？” |
| “Sace taṃ, bho gotama, ṭhānaṃ nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṃ aggiṃ jāletuṃ, svāssa aggi accimā ceva vaṇṇavā ca pabhassaro cā”ti. |
“If it were possible for a fire to burn without depending on grass and logs as fuel, that would have better flames, color, and radiance.” |
“如果火能在不依靠草木为燃料的情况下燃烧，那它的火焰、颜色和光芒会更好。” |
| “Aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, māṇava, anavakāso yaṃ nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṃ aggiṃ jāleyya aññatra iddhimatā. |
“But it isn’t possible, except by psychic power. |
“但那是不可能的，除非是神通。 |
| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, tiṇakaṭṭhupādānaṃ paṭicca aggi jalati tathūpamāhaṃ, māṇava, imaṃ pītiṃ vadāmi yāyaṃ pīti pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca. |
Rapture that depends on the five kinds of sensual stimulation is like a fire that depends on grass and logs as fuel. |
依赖五种感官刺激的喜悦，就像依赖草木为燃料的火。 |
| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, nissaṭṭhatiṇakaṭṭhupādāno aggi jalati tathūpamāhaṃ, māṇava, imaṃ pītiṃ vadāmi yāyaṃ pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi. |
Rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities is like a fire that doesn’t depend on grass and logs as fuel. |
脱离感官享受和不善法的喜悦，就像不依赖草木为燃料的火。 |
| Katamā ca, māṇava, pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi? |
And what is rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities? |
什么是脱离感官享受和不善法的喜悦？ |
| Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi … pe … paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. |
It’s when a monk, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first jhāna, which has the rapture and pleasure born of seclusion, while directing-thought and evaluation. |
就是比丘，完全远离感官享受，远离不善法，进入并安住于初禅，其中有离欲乐生起的喜悦和快乐，同时有寻和伺。 |
| Ayampi kho, māṇava, pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi. |
This is rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities. |
这是脱离感官享受和不善法的喜悦。 |
| Puna caparaṃ, māṇava, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā … dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. |
Furthermore, as the directed-thought and evaluation are stilled, they enter and remain in the second jhāna, which has the rapture and pleasure born of undistractible-lucidity, with internal clarity and confidence, and unified mind, without directing-thought and evaluation. |
此外，当寻和伺止息时，他们进入并安住于第二禅，其中有由不散乱明晰生起的喜悦和快乐，具有内在的清晰和信心，心意统一，没有寻和伺。 |
| Ayampi kho, māṇava, pīti aññatreva kāmehi aññatra akusalehi dhammehi. |
This too is rapture that’s apart from sensual pleasures and unskillful qualities. |
这也是脱离感官享受和不善法的喜悦。 |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, māṇava, |
“What do you think, student? |
“学生，你认为呢？ |
| idha aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa mahāyañño paccupaṭṭhito assa. |
Suppose a brahmin was setting up a big sacrifice. |
假设一位婆罗门正在举行一次大型祭祀。 |
| Atha dve brāhmaṇā āgaccheyyuṃ: |
Then two brahmins came along, |
然后有两位婆罗门来了， |
| ‘itthannāmassa brāhmaṇassa mahāyaññaṃ anubhavissāmā’ti. |
thinking to participate. |
想着要参与。 |
| Tatrekassa brāhmaṇassa evamassa: |
Then one of those brahmins thought: |
然后其中一位婆罗门想： |
| ‘aho vata ahameva labheyyaṃ bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ, na añño brāhmaṇo labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍan’ti. |
‘Oh, I hope that I alone get the best seat, the best drink, and the best alms-food in the refectory, not some other brahmin.’ |
‘哦，我希望只有我能得到餐厅里最好的座位、最好的饮料和最好的乞食食物，而不是其他婆罗门。’ |
| Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, māṇava, vijjati yaṃ añño brāhmaṇo labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ, na so brāhmaṇo labheyya bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ. |
But it’s possible that some other brahmin gets the best seat, the best drink, and the best alms-food in the refectory. |
但其他婆罗门有可能得到餐厅里最好的座位、最好的饮料和最好的乞食食物。 |
| ‘Añño brāhmaṇo labhati bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍaṃ, nāhaṃ labhāmi bhattagge aggāsanaṃ aggodakaṃ aggapiṇḍan’ti— |
Thinking, ‘Some other brahmin has got the best seat, the best drink, the best alms-food,’ |
想到‘其他婆罗门得到了最好的座位、最好的饮料、最好的乞食食物’， |
| iti so kupito hoti anattamano. |
they get angry and bitter. |
他们变得愤怒和痛苦。 |
| Imassa pana, māṇava, brāhmaṇā kiṃ vipākaṃ paññapentī”ti? |
What do the brahmins say is the result of this?” |
婆罗门们说这会产生什么结果？” |
| “Na khvettha, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā evaṃ dānaṃ denti: |
“Master Gotama, brahmins don’t give gifts so that |
“乔达摩大师，婆罗门们不施舍礼物，以便 |
| ‘iminā paro kupito hotu anattamano’ti. |
others will get angry and upset. |
让别人感到愤怒和不安。 |
| Atha khvettha brāhmaṇā anukampājātikaṃyeva dānaṃ dentī”ti. |
Rather, they give only out of compassion.” |
相反，他们只出于慈悲而施舍。” |
| “Evaṃ sante kho, māṇava, brāhmaṇānaṃ idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ puññakiriyavatthu hoti— |
“In that case, isn’t compassion a sixth ground for making merit?” |
“既然如此，慈悲难道不是积德的第六个基础吗？” |
| yadidaṃ anukampājātikan”ti. |
|
|
| “Evaṃ sante, bho gotama, brāhmaṇānaṃ idaṃ chaṭṭhaṃ puññakiriyavatthu hoti— |
“In that case, compassion is a sixth ground for making merit.” |
“既然如此，慈悲就是积德的第六个基础。” |
| yadidaṃ anukampājātikan”ti. |
|
|
| “Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, ime tvaṃ pañca dhamme kattha bahulaṃ samanupassasi— |
“Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, where do you usually find them: |
“婆罗门们规定了五种积德和善巧圆满之事，你通常在哪里找到它们： |
| gahaṭṭhesu vā pabbajitesu vā”ti? |
among laypeople or renunciates?” |
是在家众还是出家众中？” |
| “Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, imāhaṃ pañca dhamme pabbajitesu bahulaṃ samanupassāmi appaṃ gahaṭṭhesu. |
“Mostly among renunciates, and less so among lay people. |
“大多在出家众中，在家众中较少。 |
| Gahaṭṭho hi, bho gotama, mahaṭṭho mahākicco mahādhikaraṇo mahāsamārambho, na satataṃ samitaṃ saccavādī hoti; |
For a lay person has many requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and they can’t always tell the truth, |
因为在家者有许多要求、职责、事务和承担，他们不能总是说实话， |
| pabbajito kho pana, bho gotama, appaṭṭho appakicco appādhikaraṇo appasamārambho, satataṃ samitaṃ saccavādī hoti. |
|
|
| Gahaṭṭho hi, bho gotama, mahaṭṭho mahākicco mahādhikaraṇo mahāsamārambho na satataṃ samitaṃ tapassī hoti … |
practice austerities, |
修苦行， |
| brahmacārī hoti … |
be celibate, |
过梵行， |
| sajjhāyabahulo hoti … |
do lots of recitation, |
多诵经， |
| cāgabahulo hoti; |
or be very generous. |
或非常慷慨。 |
| pabbajito kho pana, bho gotama, appaṭṭho appakicco appādhikaraṇo appasamārambho satataṃ samitaṃ tapassī hoti … |
But a renunciate has few requirements, duties, issues, and undertakings, and they can always tell the truth, practice austerities, |
但出家者要求、职责、事务和承担都很少，他们可以总是说实话，修苦行， |
| brahmacārī hoti … |
be celibate, |
过梵行， |
| sajjhāyabahulo hoti … |
do lots of recitation, |
多诵经， |
| cāgabahulo hoti. |
and be very generous. |
而且非常慷慨。 |
| Yeme, bho gotama, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, imāhaṃ pañca dhamme pabbajitesu bahulaṃ samanupassāmi appaṃ gahaṭṭhesū”ti. |
Of the five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful, I usually find them among renunciates, and less so among laypeople.” |
婆罗门们规定的五种积德和善巧圆满之事，我通常在出家众中找到它们，在家众中较少。” |
| “Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya cittassāhaṃ ete parikkhāre vadāmi— |
“I say that the five things prescribed by the brahmins for making merit are prerequisites of the mind for |
“我说婆罗门们规定的五件积德之事是发展无敌意和无恶意之心的前提条件。 |
| yadidaṃ cittaṃ averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ tassa bhāvanāya. |
developing a mind free of enmity and ill will. |
比如一位说真话的比丘。 |
| Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu saccavādī hoti. |
Take a monk who speaks the truth. |
他们想：‘我说真话。’于是他们在意义和教法中找到喜悦，并找到与教法相关的喜悦。 |
| So ‘saccavādīmhī’ti labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. |
Thinking, ‘I’m truthful,’ they find joy in the meaning and the teaching, and find joy connected with the teaching. |
我说与善巧相关的喜悦是发展无敌意和无恶意之心的前提条件。 |
| Yaṃ taṃ kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ, cittassāhaṃ etaṃ parikkhāraṃ vadāmi— |
And I say that joy connected with the skillful is a prerequisite of the mind for |
比如一位修苦行的比丘…… |
| yadidaṃ cittaṃ averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ tassa bhāvanāya. |
developing a mind free of enmity and ill will. |
过梵行…… |
| Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu tapassī hoti … pe … |
Take a monk who practices austerities … |
多诵经…… |
| brahmacārī hoti … pe … |
is celibate … |
而且非常慷慨。 |
| sajjhāyabahulo hoti … pe … |
does lots of recitation … |
他们想：‘我非常慷慨。’于是他们在意义和教法中找到喜悦，并找到与教法相关的喜悦。 |
| cāgabahulo hoti. |
and is very generous. |
我说与善巧相关的喜悦是发展无敌意和无恶意之心的前提条件。 |
| So ‘cāgabahulomhī’ti labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. |
Thinking, ‘I’m very generous,’ they find joy in the meaning and the teaching, and find joy connected with the teaching. |
我说婆罗门们规定的这五件积德之事是发展无敌意和无恶意之心的前提条件。” |
| Yaṃ taṃ kusalūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ, cittassāhaṃ etaṃ parikkhāraṃ vadāmi— |
And I say that joy connected with the skillful is a prerequisite of the mind for |
|
| yadidaṃ cittaṃ averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ tassa bhāvanāya. |
developing a mind free of enmity and ill will. |
|
| Ye te, māṇava, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya, cittassāhaṃ ete parikkhāre vadāmi— |
I say that these five things prescribed by the brahmins for making merit are prerequisites of the mind for |
|
| yadidaṃ cittaṃ averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ tassa bhāvanāyā”ti. |
developing a mind free of enmity and ill will.” |
|
| “Amu hi, bho gotama, puriso naḷakāragāme jātavaddho. Tassa sabbāneva naḷakāragāmassa maggāni suviditānī”ti. |
Because they were born and raised in Naḷakāra. They’re well acquainted with all the roads to the village.” |
“因为他们在那拉卡拉出生和长大。他们对所有通往村庄的道路都很熟悉。” |
| “Siyā nu kho, māṇava, tassa purisassa naḷakāragāme jātavaddhassa naḷakāragāmassa maggaṃ puṭṭhassa dandhāyitattaṃ vā vitthāyitattaṃ vāti, na tveva tathāgatassa brahmalokaṃ vā brahmalokagāminiṃ vā paṭipadaṃ puṭṭhassa dandhāyitattaṃ vā vitthāyitattaṃ vā. |
“Still, it’s possible they might be slow or hesitant to answer. But the Realized One is never slow or hesitant when questioned about the Brahmā realm or the practice that leads to the Brahmā realm. |
“即便如此，他们也可能回答得慢或犹豫。但如来在被问及梵天或通往梵天的修行时，从不迟疑或犹豫。 |
| Brahmānañcāhaṃ, māṇava, pajānāmi brahmalokañca brahmalokagāminiñca paṭipadaṃ; yathāpaṭipanno ca brahmalokaṃ upapanno tañca pajānāmī”ti. |
I understand Brahmā, the Brahmā realm, and the practice that leads to the Brahmā realm, practicing in accordance with which one is reborn in the Brahmā realm.” |
我了解梵天、梵天世界以及通往梵天世界的修行，按照这种修行，人会投生到梵天世界。” |
| “Katamo ca, māṇava, brahmānaṃ sahabyatāya maggo? |
“And what is a path to companionship with Brahmā? |
“什么是通往梵天的道路？ |
| Idha, māṇava, bhikkhu mettāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ mettāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. |
Firstly, a monk meditates spreading a heart full of love to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of love to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will. |
首先，一个比丘以慈心遍满一个方向，然后是第二个、第三个、第四个。同样地，上方、下方、横向，到处，周遍一切，他们以慈心遍满整个世界——广阔、广大、无量、无敌意、无恶意。 |
| Evaṃ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, mettāya cetovimuttiyā yaṃ pamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ na taṃ tatrāvasissati, na taṃ tatrāvatiṭṭhati. |
When the heart’s release by love has been developed and cultivated like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there. |
当这种慈心解脱得到这样发展和培养时，他们所做的任何有限的业力都不会留在那里或持续存在。 |
| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, balavā saṅkhadhamo appakasireneva cātuddisā viññāpeyya; |
Suppose there was a powerful horn blower. They’d easily make themselves heard in the four directions. |
假设有一个强壮的号角吹奏者。他们可以轻易地在四个方向上发出声音。 |
| evameva kho, māṇava … pe … evaṃ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, mettāya cetovimuttiyā yaṃ pamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ na taṃ tatrāvasissati, na taṃ tatrāvatiṭṭhati. |
In the same way, when the heart’s release by love has been developed and cultivated like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there. |
同样地，当这种慈心解脱得到这样发展和培养时，他们所做的任何有限的业力都不会留在那里或持续存在。 |
| Ayampi kho, māṇava, brahmānaṃ sahabyatāya maggo. |
This is a path to companionship with Brahmā. |
这是通往梵天的道路。 |
| “Puna caparaṃ, māṇava, bhikkhu karuṇāsahagatena cetasā … pe … |
Furthermore, a monk meditates spreading a heart full of compassion … |
此外，比丘以悲心遍满…… |
| muditāsahagatena cetasā … pe … |
They meditate spreading a heart full of rejoicing … |
他们以喜心遍满…… |
| upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ pharitvā viharati, tathā dutiyaṃ, tathā tatiyaṃ, tathā catutthaṃ; iti uddhamadho tiriyaṃ sabbadhi sabbattatāya sabbāvantaṃ lokaṃ upekkhāsahagatena cetasā vipulena mahaggatena appamāṇena averena abyābajjhena pharitvā viharati. |
They meditate spreading a heart full of equanimity to one direction, and to the second, and to the third, and to the fourth. In the same way above, below, across, everywhere, all around, they spread a heart full of equanimity to the whole world—abundant, expansive, limitless, free of enmity and ill will. |
他们以舍心遍满一个方向，然后是第二个、第三个、第四个。同样地，上方、下方、横向，到处，周遍一切，他们以舍心遍满整个世界——广阔、广大、无量、无敌意、无恶意。 |
| Evaṃ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, upekkhāya cetovimuttiyā yaṃ pamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ na taṃ tatrāvasissati, na taṃ tatrāvatiṭṭhati. |
When the heart’s release by equanimity has been developed and cultivated like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there. |
当这种舍心解脱得到这样发展和培养时，他们所做的任何有限的业力都不会留在那里或持续存在。 |
| Seyyathāpi, māṇava, balavā saṅkhadhamo appakasireneva cātuddisā viññāpeyya; |
Suppose there was a powerful horn blower. They’d easily make themselves heard in the four directions. |
假设有一个强壮的号角吹奏者。他们可以轻易地在四个方向上发出声音。 |
| evameva kho, māṇava … pe … evaṃ bhāvitāya kho, māṇava, upekkhāya cetovimuttiyā yaṃ pamāṇakataṃ kammaṃ na taṃ tatrāvasissati, na taṃ tatrāvatiṭṭhati. |
In the same way, when the heart’s release by equanimity has been developed and cultivated like this, any limited deeds they’ve done don’t remain or persist there. |
同样地，当这种舍心解脱得到这样发展和培养时，他们所做的任何有限的业力都不会留在那里或持续存在。 |
| Ayampi kho, māṇava, brahmānaṃ sahabyatāya maggo”ti. |
This too is a path to companionship with Brahmā.” |
这也是通往梵天的道路。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When he had spoken, Subha said to him: |
他说完后，苏巴对他说： |
| “abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama. |
“Excellent, Master Gotama! Excellent! |
“太好了，乔达摩大师！太好了！ |
| Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya: ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. |
As if he were righting the overturned, or revealing the hidden, or pointing out the path to the lost, or lighting a lamp in the dark so people with good eyes can see what’s there, Master Gotama has made the teaching clear in many ways. |
就像他扶正了倾覆的，揭示了隐藏的，指明了迷失者的道路，或者在黑暗中点亮了一盏灯，让好眼力的人能看到那里有什么，乔达摩大师以多种方式阐明了教法。 |
| Esāhaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. |
I go for refuge to Master Gotama, to the teaching, and to the monk Saṅgha. |
我皈依乔达摩大师，皈依教法，皈依比丘僧伽。 |
| Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ. |
From this day forth, may Master Gotama remember me as a lay follower who has gone for refuge for life. |
从今天起，愿乔达摩大师记住我是终生皈依的在家弟子。 |
| Handa ca dāni mayaṃ, bho gotama, gacchāma; |
Well, now, Master Gotama, I must go. |
那么，现在，乔达摩大师，我必须走了。 |
| bahukiccā mayaṃ bahukaraṇīyā”ti. |
I have many duties, and much to do.” |
我有很多职责，也有很多事情要做。” |
| “Yassadāni tvaṃ, māṇava, kālaṃ maññasī”ti. |
“Please, student, go at your convenience.” |
“请便，学生。” |
| Atha kho subho māṇavo todeyyaputto bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā uṭṭhāyāsanā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā pakkāmi. |
And then Subha approved and agreed with what the Buddha said. He got up from his seat, bowed, and respectfully circled the Buddha, keeping him on his right, before leaving. |
于是苏巴赞同并同意了佛陀所说的话。他从座位上起身，鞠躬，恭敬地右绕佛陀，然后离开了。 |
| Tena kho pana samayena jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo sabbasetena vaḷavābhirathena sāvatthiyā niyyāti divā divassa. |
Now at that time the brahmin Jāṇussoṇi drove out from Sāvatthī in the middle of the day in an all-white chariot drawn by mares. |
那时，婆罗门贾努索尼在中午时分，驾着一辆由母马牵引的纯白色战车从舍卫城驶出。 |
| Addasā kho jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo subhaṃ māṇavaṃ todeyyaputtaṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. |
He saw the student Subha coming off in the distance, |
他远远地看到学生苏巴走过来， |
| Disvāna subhaṃ māṇavaṃ todeyyaputtaṃ etadavoca: |
and said to him: |
便对他说： |
| “handa kuto nu bhavaṃ bhāradvājo āgacchati divā divassā”ti? |
“So, Master Bharadvāja, where are you coming from in the middle of the day?” |
“那么，巴拉德瓦贾大师，你中午从哪里来？” |
| “Ito hi kho ahaṃ, bho, āgacchāmi samaṇassa gotamassa santikā”ti. |
“Just now, good sir, I’ve come from the presence of the ascetic Gotama.” |
“刚才，先生，我刚从沙门乔达摩那里来。” |
| “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, bhavaṃ bhāradvājo samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ paṇḍito maññeti”? |
“What do you think of the ascetic Gotama’s proficiency in wisdom? Do you think he’s astute?” |
“你认为沙门乔达摩在智慧方面的能力如何？你认为他聪明吗？” |
| “Ko cāhaṃ, bho, ko ca samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ jānissāmi? |
“My good man, who am I to judge the ascetic Gotama’s competence in wisdom? |
“我的好先生，我有什么资格来评判沙门乔达摩在智慧方面的能力？ |
| Sopi nūnassa tādisova yo samaṇassa gotamassa paññāveyyattiyaṃ jāneyyā”ti. |
You’d really have to be on the same level to judge his competence in wisdom.” |
你真的必须与他在同一水平才能评判他在智慧方面的能力。” |
| “Uḷārāya khalu bhavaṃ bhāradvājo samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pasaṃsāya pasaṃsatī”ti. |
“Master Bharadvāja praises the ascetic Gotama with lofty praise indeed.” |
“巴拉德瓦贾大师对沙门乔达摩的赞扬确实很高。” |
| “Ko cāhaṃ, bho, ko ca samaṇaṃ gotamaṃ pasaṃsissāmi? |
“Who am I to praise the ascetic Gotama? |
“我有什么资格赞扬沙门乔达摩？ |
| Pasatthapasatthova so bhavaṃ gotamo seṭṭho devamanussānaṃ. |
He is praised by the praised as the best of gods and humans. |
他被受赞扬者赞扬为天人中最优秀的。 |
| Ye cime, bho, brāhmaṇā pañca dhamme paññapenti puññassa kiriyāya kusalassa ārādhanāya; |
The five things that the brahmins prescribe for making merit and succeeding in the skillful |
婆罗门们规定的五种积德和在善巧中成功的事情 |
| cittassete samaṇo gotamo parikkhāre vadeti— |
he says are prerequisites of the mind for |
他说这是培养 |
| yadidaṃ cittaṃ averaṃ abyābajjhaṃ tassa bhāvanāyā”ti. |
developing a mind free of enmity and ill will.” |
无敌意和无恶意之心的前提条件。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, jāṇussoṇi brāhmaṇo sabbasetā vaḷavābhirathā orohitvā ekaṃsaṃ uttarāsaṅgaṃ karitvā yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā udānaṃ udānesi: |
When he had spoken, Jāṇussoṇi got down from his chariot, arranged his robe over one shoulder, knelt on his right knee, raised his joined palms toward the Buddha, and spoke these words of inspiration three times: |
他说完，贾努索尼从战车上下来，将袍子披在一肩，右膝跪地，合掌向佛陀，三次说出这些感言： |
| “lābhā rañño pasenadissa kosalassa, suladdhalābhā rañño pasenadissa kosalassa |
“King Pasenadi of Kosala is lucky, so very lucky |
“拘萨罗的波西那提国王真幸运，非常幸运 |
| yassa vijite tathāgato viharati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho”ti. |
that the Realized One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha is living in his realm!” |
如来，阿罗汉，完全觉醒的佛陀住在他的国度里！” |
