|
(derived from B. Sujato 2018/12) |
（源自B. Sujato 2018/12） |
| Evaṃ me sutaṃ— |
So I have heard. |
如是我闻。 |
| ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. |
At one time the Buddha was staying near Sāvatthī in Jeta’s Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s monastery. |
一次，佛陀住在舍卫城附近的祇树林中，阿那邠坻迦的寺院里。 |
| Atha kho vekhanaso paribbājako yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodi. |
Then the wanderer Vekhanasa went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him. |
于是游方者维卡那萨来到佛陀面前，与他互致问候。 |
| Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. |
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, he stood to one side, |
问候和客套话结束后，他站到一边， |
| Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho vekhanaso paribbājako bhagavato santike udānaṃ udānesi: |
and spoke these words of inspiration: |
说出这些灵感之语： |
80.2 – (Kaccāna’s ‘This is the ultimate splendor’) |
| “ayaṃ paramo vaṇṇo, ayaṃ paramo vaṇṇo”ti. |
“This is the ultimate splendor, this is the ultimate splendor.” |
“这是终极辉煌，这是终极辉煌。” |
| “Dīghāpi kho te esā, kaccāna, phareyya: |
“Kaccāna, you could draw this out for a long time. |
“迦旃延，你可以这样一直说下去。 |
| ‘yasmā, bho gotama, vaṇṇā añño vaṇṇo uttaritaro vā paṇītataro vā natthi so paramo vaṇṇo’ti vadesi, tañca vaṇṇaṃ na paññapesi. |
You say, ‘The ultimate splendor is the splendor compared to which no other splendor is finer.’ But you don’t describe that splendor. |
你说，‘终极辉煌是没有任何其他辉煌比它更精美的辉煌。’但你没有描述那种辉煌。 |
| Seyyathāpi, kaccāna, puriso evaṃ vadeyya: |
Suppose a man was to say: |
假设一个人说： |
| ‘ahaṃ yā imasmiṃ janapade janapadakalyāṇī, taṃ icchāmi taṃ kāmemī’ti. |
‘Whoever the finest lady in the land is, it is her that I want, her I desire!’ |
‘谁是这片土地上最美丽的女子，我就是要她，我渴望她！’ |
| Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ: |
They’d say to him: |
他们会对他说： |
| ‘ambho purisa, yaṃ tvaṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ icchasi kāmesi, jānāsi taṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ—khattiyī vā brāhmaṇī vā vessī vā suddī vā’ti? |
‘Mister, that finest lady in the land who you desire—do you know whether she’s an aristocrat, a brahmin, a merchant, or a worker?’ |
‘先生，你渴望的那片土地上最美丽的女子——你知道她是贵族、婆罗门、商人，还是工人吗？’ |
| Iti puṭṭho ‘no’ti vadeyya. |
Asked this, he’d say, ‘No.’ |
被问到这个，他会说：‘不知道。’ |
| Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ: |
They’d say to him: |
他们会对他说： |
| ‘ambho purisa, yaṃ tvaṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ icchasi kāmesi, jānāsi taṃ janapadakalyāṇiṃ evaṃnāmā evaṅgottāti vāti … pe … dīghā vā rassā vā majjhimā vā kāḷī vā sāmā vā maṅguracchavī vāti … amukasmiṃ gāme vā nigame vā nagare vā’ti? |
‘Mister, that finest lady in the land who you desire—do you know her name or clan? Whether she’s tall or short or medium? Whether her skin is black, brown, or tawny? What village, town, or city she comes from?’ |
‘先生，你渴望的那片土地上最美丽的女子——你知道她的名字或家族吗？她身材高、矮还是中等？她的肤色是黑、棕还是棕褐色？她来自哪个村庄、城镇或城市？’ |
| Iti puṭṭho ‘no’ti vadeyya. |
Asked this, he’d say, ‘No.’ |
被问到这个，他会说：‘不知道。’ |
| Tamenaṃ evaṃ vadeyyuṃ: |
They’d say to him: |
他们会对他说： |
| ‘ambho purisa, yaṃ tvaṃ na jānāsi na passasi, taṃ tvaṃ icchasi kāmesī’ti? |
‘Mister, do you desire someone who you’ve never even known or seen?’ |
‘先生，你渴望一个你从未认识或见过的人吗？’ |
| ❧
80.3 – (simile of beryl gem) |
| Iti puṭṭho ‘āmā’ti vadeyya. |
Asked this, he’d say, ‘Yes.’ |
被问到这个，他会说：‘是的。’ |
| Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, kaccāna, |
What do you think, Kaccāna? |
迦旃延，你认为呢？ |
| nanu evaṃ sante tassa purisassa appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī”ti? |
This being so, doesn’t that man’s statement turn out to have no demonstrable basis?” |
既然如此，那个人所说的话是不是没有可证明的基础呢？” |
| “Addhā kho, bho gotama, evaṃ sante tassa purisassa appāṭihīrakataṃ bhāsitaṃ sampajjatī”ti. |
“Clearly that’s the case, sir.” |
“显然是这样，先生。” |
| “Evameva kho tvaṃ, kaccāna, ‘yasmā, bho gotama, vaṇṇā añño vaṇṇo uttaritaro vā paṇītataro vā natthi so paramo vaṇṇo’ti vadesi; tañca vaṇṇaṃ na paññapesī”ti. |
“In the same way, you say, ‘The ultimate splendor is the splendor compared to which no other splendor is finer.’ But you don’t describe that splendor.” |
“同样地，你说，‘终极辉煌是没有任何其他辉煌比它更精美的辉煌。’但你没有描述那种辉煌。” |
| “Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato paṇḍukambale nikkhitto bhāsate ca tapate ca virocati ca, evaṃ vaṇṇo attā hoti arogo paraṃ maraṇā”ti. |
“Master Gotama, suppose there was a beryl gem that was naturally beautiful, eight-faceted, with expert workmanship. When placed on a cream rug it would shine and glow and radiate. Such is the splendor of the self that is sound after death.” |
“乔达摩大师，假设有一块天然美丽的八面体绿宝石，经过精湛的工艺制作。当它放置在奶油色的地毯上时，会闪耀、发光并放射出光芒。这就是死后健全的自我的辉煌。” |
| “Ato kho te, kaccāna, bahū hi bahutarā devā ye imesaṃ candimasūriyānaṃ ābhā nānubhonti, tyāhaṃ pajānāmi. |
“Beyond this, Kaccāna, I know very many gods on whom the light of the sun and moon make no impression. |
“除此之外，迦旃延，我认识许多连日月之光都无法对其产生影响的天神。 |
| Atha ca panāhaṃ na vadāmi: |
Nevertheless, I do not say: |
然而，我并没有说： |
| ‘yasmā vaṇṇā añño vaṇṇo uttaritaro ca paṇītataro ca natthī’ti. |
‘The splendor compared to which no other splendor is finer.’ |
‘这是没有任何其他辉煌比它更精美的辉煌。’ |
| ❧
80.4 – (five kinds of sensual stimulation5kg) |
| Atha ca pana tvaṃ, kaccāna, ‘yvāyaṃ vaṇṇo kiminā khajjopanakena nihīnataro ca patikiṭṭhataro ca so paramo vaṇṇo’ti vadesi; tañca vaṇṇaṃ na paññapesi. |
But of the splendor inferior to a firefly you say, ‘This is the ultimate splendor.’ And you don’t describe that splendor. |
但对于萤火虫不如的光辉，你却说：‘这是终极辉煌。’而你没有描述那种辉煌。” |
| Pañca kho ime, kaccāna, kāmaguṇā. |
Kaccāna, there are these five kinds of sensual stimulation. |
迦旃延，有这五种感官刺激。 |
| Katame pañca? |
What five? |
哪五种呢？ |
| Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā, |
Sights known by the eye that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing. |
眼所见之色，是可爱、合意、称心、悦意、感官的，且能引起欲望的。 |
| sotaviññeyyā saddā … pe … |
Sounds known by the ear … |
耳所闻之声…… |
| ghānaviññeyyā gandhā … |
Smells known by the nose … |
鼻所嗅之香…… |
| jivhāviññeyyā rasā … |
Tastes known by the tongue … |
舌所尝之味…… |
| kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā— |
Touches known by the body that are likable, desirable, agreeable, pleasant, sensual, and arousing. |
身所触之触，是可爱、合意、称心、悦意、感官的，且能引起欲望的。 |
| ime kho, kaccāna, pañca kāmaguṇā. |
These are the five kinds of sensual stimulation. |
这五种是感官刺激。 |
| Yaṃ kho, kaccāna, ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati kāmasukhaṃ. |
The pleasure and happiness that arises from these five kinds of sensual stimulation is called sensual pleasure. |
从这五种感官刺激中产生的喜乐，称为感官之乐。 |
| Iti kāmehi kāmasukhaṃ, kāmasukhā kāmaggasukhaṃ tattha aggamakkhāyatī”ti. |
So there is the saying: ‘From the senses comes sensual pleasure. From sensual pleasure comes the best kind of sensual pleasure, which is said to be the best thing there.’” |
所以有这样的说法：‘感官带来感官之乐。感官之乐带来最上等的感官之乐，据说那是最好的事物。’” |
| Evaṃ vutte, vekhanaso paribbājako bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
When he said this, Vekhanasa said to the Buddha: |
他说完后，维卡那萨对佛陀说： |
| “acchariyaṃ, bho gotama, abbhutaṃ, bho gotama. |
“It’s incredible, Master Gotama, it’s amazing! |
“乔达摩大师，这真是不可思议，真是令人惊叹！ |
| Yāva subhāsitañcidaṃ bhotā gotamena: |
How well said this was by Master Gotama! |
乔达摩大师说得真好！ |
| ‘kāmehi kāmasukhaṃ, kāmasukhā kāmaggasukhaṃ tattha aggamakkhāyatī’ti. |
‘From the senses comes sensual pleasure. From sensual pleasure comes the best kind of sensual pleasure, which is said to be the best thing there.’ |
‘感官带来感官之乐。感官之乐带来最上等的感官之乐，据说那是最好的事物。’ |
| ‘Kāmehi, bho gotama, kāmasukhaṃ, kāmasukhā kāmaggasukhaṃ, tattha aggamakkhāyatī’”ti |
Master Gotama, from the senses comes sensual pleasure. From sensual pleasure comes the best kind of sensual pleasure, which is said to be the best thing there.” |
乔达摩大师，感官带来感官之乐。感官之乐带来最上等的感官之乐，据说那是最好的事物。” |
| “dujjānaṃ kho etaṃ, kaccāna, tayā aññadiṭṭhikena aññakhantikena aññarucikena aññatrayogena aññatrācariyakena— |
“Kaccāna, it’s hard for you, who has a different view, creed, belief, practice, and teacher’s doctrine, to understand |
“迦旃延，对于你这样持有不同观点、信条、信仰、修行和师说的人来说，很难理解 |
| kāmā vā kāmasukhaṃ vā kāmaggasukhaṃ vā. |
the senses, sensual pleasure, and the best kind of sensual pleasure. |
感官、感官之乐和最上等的感官之乐。 |
| Ye kho te, kaccāna, bhikkhū arahanto khīṇāsavā vusitavanto katakaraṇīyā ohitabhārā anuppattasadatthā parikkhīṇabhavasaṃyojanā sammadaññāvimuttā te kho etaṃ jāneyyuṃ— |
There are monks who are perfected, who have ended the defilements, completed the spiritual journey, done what had to be done, laid down the burden, achieved their own goal, utterly ended the fetters of rebirth, and are rightly freed through enlightenment. They can understand |
那些已圆满、已断除烦恼、已完成梵行、所作已办、已放下重担、已达到自身目标、彻底断绝生死系缚、通过正等正觉而获得正解脱的比丘们，他们能够理解 |
| ❧
80.6 – (Vekhanasa became angry … and badmouthed the Buddha ) |
| kāmā vā kāmasukhaṃ vā kāmaggasukhaṃ vā”ti. |
the senses, sensual pleasure, and the best kind of sensual pleasure.” |
感官、感官之乐和最上等的感官之乐。” |
| Evaṃ vutte, vekhanaso paribbājako kupito anattamano bhagavantaṃyeva khuṃsento bhagavantaṃyeva vambhento bhagavantaṃyeva vadamāno: |
When he said this, Vekhanasa became angry and upset. He even attacked and badmouthed the Buddha himself, saying: |
他说完后，维卡那萨变得愤怒和沮丧。他甚至攻击并诽谤佛陀本人，说： |
| “samaṇo gotamo pāpito bhavissatī”ti bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: |
“The ascetic Gotama will be worsted!” He said to the Buddha: |
“沙门乔达摩将被击败！”他对佛陀说： |
| “evameva panidhekacce samaṇabrāhmaṇā ajānantā pubbantaṃ, apassantā aparantaṃ atha ca pana |
“This is exactly what happens with some ascetics and brahmins. Not knowing the past or seeing the future, they nevertheless claim: |
“这正是某些沙门婆罗门所发生的情况。他们不了解过去，也看不到未来，却声称： |
| ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyāti—pajānāmā’ti—paṭijānanti. |
‘We understand: “Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is no return to any state of existence.’” |
‘我们已理解：“生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不复受后有。”’ |
| Tesamidaṃ bhāsitaṃ hassakaṃyeva sampajjati, nāmakaṃyeva sampajjati, rittakaṃyeva sampajjati, tucchakaṃyeva sampajjatī”ti. |
Their statement turns out to be a joke—mere words, void and hollow.” |
他们的话结果成了一个笑话——仅仅是言语，空洞而虚无。” |
| “Ye kho te, kaccāna, samaṇabrāhmaṇā ajānantā pubbantaṃ, apassantā aparantaṃ, |
“Kaccāna, there are some ascetics and brahmins who, not knowing the past or seeing the future, nevertheless claim: |
“迦旃延，确实有些沙门婆罗门，他们不了解过去，也看不到未来，却声称： |
| ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyāti—pajānāmā’ti—paṭijānanti; |
‘We understand: “Rebirth is ended, the spiritual journey has been completed, what had to be done has been done, there is no return to any state of existence.’” |
‘我们已理解：“生已尽，梵行已立，所作已办，不复受后有。”’ |
| tesaṃ soyeva sahadhammiko niggaho hoti. |
There is a legitimate refutation of them. |
对他们来说，有一个合理的驳斥。 |
| Api ca, kaccāna, tiṭṭhatu pubbanto, tiṭṭhatu aparanto. |
Nevertheless, Kaccāna, leave aside the past and the future. |
然而，迦旃延，放下过去和未来吧。 |
| Etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi. |
Let a sensible person come—neither devious nor deceitful, a person of integrity. I teach and instruct them. |
让一个明智的人来——既不狡猾也不欺诈，一个正直的人。我教导和指导他们。 |
| Yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno nacirasseva sāmaññeva ñassati sāmaṃ dakkhiti— |
Practicing as instructed they will soon know and see for themselves: |
按照教导修行，他们很快就会亲自知晓和看到： |
| evaṃ kira sammā bandhanā vippamokkho hoti, yadidaṃ avijjā bandhanā. |
‘So this is how to be rightly released from the bond, that is, the bond of ignorance.’ |
‘原来这就是如何正当地从束缚中解脱，即无明的束缚。’ |
| Seyyathāpi, kaccāna, daharo kumāro mando uttānaseyyako kaṇṭhapañcamehi bandhanehi baddho assa suttabandhanehi; |
Suppose there was a little baby bound with swaddling up to the neck. |
假设有一个小婴儿被襁褓束缚到脖子。 |
| tassa vuddhimanvāya indriyānaṃ paripākamanvāya tāni bandhanāni mucceyyuṃ; |
As they grow up and their senses mature, they’re accordingly released from those bonds. |
当他们长大，感官成熟时，他们就会相应地从那些束缚中解脱。 |
| so mokkhomhīti kho jāneyya no ca bandhanaṃ. |
They’d know ‘I’m released,’ and there would be no more bonds. |
他们会知道‘我已解脱’，并且不再有束缚。 |
| Evameva kho, kaccāna, etu viññū puriso asaṭho amāyāvī ujujātiko, ahamanusāsāmi, ahaṃ dhammaṃ desemi; |
In the same way, let a sensible person come—neither devious nor deceitful, a person of integrity. I teach and instruct them. |
同样地，让一个明智的人来——既不狡猾也不欺诈，一个正直的人。我教导和指导他们。 |
| yathānusiṭṭhaṃ tathā paṭipajjamāno nacirasseva sāmaññeva ñassati, sāmaṃ dakkhiti: |
Practicing as instructed they will soon know and see for themselves: |
按照教导修行，他们很快就会亲自知晓和看到： |
| ❧
80.8 – (Vekhanasa becomes lay follower) |
| ‘evaṃ kira sammā bandhanā vippamokkho hoti, yadidaṃ avijjā bandhanā’”ti. |
‘So this is how to be rightly released from the bond, that is, the bond of ignorance.’” |
‘原来这就是如何正当地从束缚中解脱，即无明的束缚。’” |
